Biology – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 1. What is the basic unit of life?

   • A. Atom
   • B. Molecule
   • C. Cell
   • D. Organ

2. 2. What is the study of living organisms called?

   • A. Physics
   • B. Chemistry
   • C. Biology
   • D. Astronomy

3. 3. What are the main characteristics of living organisms?

   • A. Growth
   • B. reproduction
   • C. metabolism
   • D. responsiveness

4. 4. What is the cell theory?

   • A. All living things are composed of cells
   • B. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
   • C. All cells arise from pre-existing cells
   • D. All of the above

5. 5. What are the two main types of cells?

   • A. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
   • B. Plant and animal
   • C. Simple and complex
   • D. Aerobic and anaerobic

6. 6. Which of the following is a prokaryotic cell?

   • A. Animal cell
   • B. Plant cell
   • C. Bacteria
   • D. Fungi

7. 7. Which of the following is a eukaryotic cell?

   • A. Bacteria
   • B. Virus
   • C. Animal cell
   • D. Prion

8. 8. What are the main components of a eukaryotic cell?

   • A. Cell membrane
   • B. cytoplasm
   • C. nucleus
   • D. Cell wall

9. 9. What is the function of the cell membrane?

   • A. To provide structural support
   • B. To control what enters and leaves the cell
   • C. To store genetic material
   • D. To produce energy

10. 10. What is the function of the cytoplasm?

    • A. To store water
    • B. To hold the cell organelles
    • C. To produce proteins
    • D. To control cell division

11. 11. What is the function of the nucleus?

    • A. To produce energy
    • B. To control cell activities and store genetic material
    • C. To synthesize proteins
    • D. To transport materials within the cell

12. 12. What are chromosomes made of?

    • A. Proteins only
    • B. DNA only
    • C. DNA and proteins
    • D. RNA and proteins