Arrays and Strings – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 37. What is the relationship between array names and pointers in C?

   • A. The array name itself acts as a constant pointer to the first element of the array
   • B. Array names and pointers are completely different
   • C. You can only access array elements using pointers
   • D. Pointers cannot point to arrays

2. 38. What is pointer arithmetic in the context of arrays in C?

   • A. Performing mathematical operations on array elements
   • B. Performing mathematical operations on the indices of the array
   • C. Performing mathematical operations on the memory addresses pointed to by array pointers
   • D. Accessing array elements using pointer notation

3. 39. If `int arr[5];` and `int *ptr = arr;`, what does `ptr + 2` point to?

   • A. The first element
   • B. The second element
   • C. The third element
   • D. The address after the last element

4. 40. What is a string literal in C?

   • A. A string variable
   • B. A constant string enclosed in double quotes
   • C. A character constant
   • D. An array of integers

5. 41. Are string literals modifiable in C?

   • A. Yes
   • B. No
   • C. It depends on the compiler
   • D. Only if they are assigned to a character array

6. 42. What happens if you try to modify a string literal directly in C?

   • A. It will result in a compilation error
   • B. It might lead to undefined behavior (segmentation fault)
   • C. The modification will be successful
   • D. The string literal will be copied to a modifiable location

7. 43. What is the difference between `char str[] = \Hello\";` and `char *str = \""Hello\"";`?"""

   • A. The first declares a character array
   • B. the second declares a character pointer pointing to a string literal
   • C. Both are the same
   • D. The first declares a character pointer

8. 44. Which of the following is a valid way to access the character at index 3 of the string \World\"?"""

   • A. \"World\""[3]"
   • B. World'[3]
   • C. *(\"World\"" + 3)"
   • D. All of the above

9. 45. What is the purpose of the `<string.h>` header file?

   • A. It contains declarations for standard input/output functions
   • B. It contains declarations for mathematical functions
   • C. It contains declarations for string manipulation functions
   • D. It contains declarations for character handling functions

10. 46. Which function can be used to find the first occurrence of a string within another string (case-insensitive)?

    • A. strstr()
    • B. stristr() (non-standard)
    • C. strcasestr() (non-standard)
    • D. Both B and C

11. 47. What is the purpose of the `sprintf()` function?

    • A. To print formatted output to the console
    • B. To read formatted input from the console
    • C. To write formatted output to a string
    • D. To read formatted input from a string

12. 48. What is the purpose of the `sscanf()` function?

    • A. To print formatted output to the console
    • B. To read formatted input from the console
    • C. To write formatted output to a string
    • D. To read formatted input from a string