Fluid Mechanics (Chemical Perspective) – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 13. What is 'gauge pressure'?

   • A. Pressure measured relative to a perfect vacuum
   • B. Pressure measured relative to atmospheric pressure
   • C. Pressure in a closed system
   • D. Absolute pressure plus atmospheric pressure

2. 14. What is the 'hydrostatic equation' used for?

   • A. To calculate pressure variations in a static fluid due to gravity
   • B. To calculate fluid velocity
   • C. To calculate heat transfer
   • D. To calculate mass transfer

3. 15. What is 'Pascal's Principle'?

   • A. Pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container
   • B. Pressure depends on depth only
   • C. Pressure depends on area
   • D. Pressure is constant throughout a fluid

4. 16. What is 'Archimedes' Principle'?

   • A. A body wholly or partially immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body
   • B. Relates pressure to depth
   • C. Relates velocity to pressure
   • D. Relates heat to work

5. 17. What is 'fluid statics'?

   • A. The study of fluids in motion
   • B. The study of fluids at rest
   • C. The study of fluid deformation
   • D. The study of fluid properties

6. 18. What is 'fluid dynamics'?

   • A. The study of fluids in motion
   • B. The study of fluids at rest
   • C. The study of fluid properties
   • D. The study of fluid deformation

7. 19. What is the 'continuity equation' (for incompressible fluid)?

   • A. A_1 V_1 = A_2 V_2
   • B. P/ρg + V²/2g + z = constant
   • C. F = ma
   • D. Q = U A ΔT

8. 20. What does the continuity equation represent?

   • A. Conservation of mass
   • B. Conservation of energy
   • C. Conservation of momentum
   • D. Conservation of volume

9. 21. What is 'Bernoulli's Equation' (for incompressible, inviscid, steady flow)?

   • A. P/ρg + V²/2g + z = constant
   • B. A_1 V_1 = A_2 V_2
   • C. F = ma
   • D. Q = U A ΔT

10. 22. What does Bernoulli's Equation represent?

    • A. Conservation of mass
    • B. Conservation of energy
    • C. Conservation of momentum
    • D. Conservation of volume

11. 23. What is the 'Reynolds number' (Re)?

    • A. A dimensionless number that predicts the flow regime (laminar or turbulent)
    • B. A dimensionless number for heat transfer
    • C. A dimensionless number for mass transfer
    • D. A dimensionless number for pressure drop

12. 24. For flow in a pipe, what is the approximate critical Reynolds number for transition from laminar to turbulent flow?

    • A. 2100
    • B. 100
    • C. 10
    • D. 10000