Process Calculations – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 1. What is the primary purpose of process calculations in chemical engineering?

   • A. To perform laboratory experiments
   • B. To predict and analyze the behavior of chemical processes
   • C. To design mechanical equipment
   • D. To conduct market research

2. 2. Which fundamental law is the basis for material balances?

   • A. Law of Conservation of Mass
   • B. Law of Conservation of Energy
   • C. Newton's Laws of Motion
   • D. Law of Thermodynamics

3. 3. Which fundamental law is the basis for energy balances?

   • A. Law of Conservation of Mass
   • B. Law of Conservation of Energy
   • C. Newton's Laws of Motion
   • D. Law of Chemical Equilibrium

4. 4. What does 'steady state' mean in a process?

   • A. Variables change with time
   • B. Variables do not change with time
   • C. No input or output streams
   • D. The process is at equilibrium

5. 5. What does 'unsteady state' or 'transient' mean in a process?

   • A. Variables do not change with time
   • B. Variables change with time
   • C. The process is at equilibrium
   • D. No reactions are occurring

6. 6. What is a continuous process?

   • A. A process where all materials are added at the beginning
   • B. A process where material is fed and product is withdrawn continuously
   • C. A process with no input or output
   • D. A process that operates at unsteady state

7. 7. What is a semi-batch process?

   • A. A process that is a combination of batch and continuous
   • B. A process that only handles solids
   • C. A process that only handles liquids
   • D. A process that always operates at steady state

8. 8. What is a recycle stream in a process flow diagram?

   • A. A stream that carries waste products
   • B. A stream that takes a portion of the product and returns it to an earlier stage
   • C. A stream that introduces fresh feed
   • D. A stream that removes energy

9. 9. What is a purge stream?

   • A. A stream removed from a process to prevent accumulation of undesirable components
   • B. A stream used for cooling
   • C. A stream used for heating
   • D. A stream that provides fresh feed

10. 10. What is 'degree of freedom analysis' in process calculations?

    • A. Determining the number of independent variables that must be specified to solve a problem
    • B. Determining the number of equations available
    • C. Determining the number of unknowns
    • D. Determining the number of dependent variables

11. 11. If the degrees of freedom for a process are zero, it means:

    • A. The problem is over-specified
    • B. The problem is under-specified
    • C. The problem is uniquely solvable
    • D. The problem has no solution

12. 12. If the degrees of freedom for a process are positive, it means:

    • A. The problem is over-specified
    • B. The problem is under-specified (more unknowns than equations)
    • C. The problem is uniquely solvable
    • D. The problem has no solution