Process Calculations – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 37. What is the heat of reaction?

   • A. The change in enthalpy that occurs during a chemical reaction
   • B. The temperature change during a reaction
   • C. The pressure change during a reaction
   • D. The volume change during a reaction

2. 38. What is Hess's Law?

   • A. The total enthalpy change for a reaction is the same whether the reaction is carried out in one step or in a series of steps
   • B. The ideal gas law
   • C. The law of conservation of mass
   • D. The law of partial pressures

3. 39. What is the heat of formation?

   • A. The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states
   • B. The heat released during combustion
   • C. The heat required to break bonds
   • D. The heat absorbed during evaporation

4. 40. What is the heat of combustion?

   • A. The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen
   • B. The heat required for melting
   • C. The heat absorbed during a reaction
   • D. The heat released during evaporation

5. 41. What is a Tie Component in material balances?

   • A. A component that is present in all streams entering and leaving a unit operation and its amount does not change due to reaction
   • B. A component that reacts
   • C. A component that is only in the feed
   • D. A component that is only in the product

6. 42. What is a tie line on a phase diagram?

   • A. A line connecting points representing the compositions of two phases in equilibrium at a given temperature and pressure
   • B. A line representing a single phase
   • C. A line representing the boiling point
   • D. A line representing the melting point

7. 43. What is Gibbs' Phase Rule?

   • A. F = C - P + 2
   • B. PV = nRT
   • C. Q = mcΔT
   • D. ΔH = ΔU + Δ(PV)

8. 44. In Gibbs' Phase Rule, what does 'F' represent?

   • A. Number of phases
   • B. Number of components
   • C. Number of degrees of freedom (intensive variables)
   • D. Number of reactions

9. 45. In Gibbs' Phase Rule, what does 'C' represent?

   • A. Number of phases
   • B. Number of components
   • C. Number of degrees of freedom
   • D. Number of reactions

10. 46. In Gibbs' Phase Rule, what does 'P' represent?

    • A. Number of phases
    • B. Number of components
    • C. Number of degrees of freedom
    • D. Number of products

11. 47. What is a conversion reactor?

    • A. A reactor where a fraction of the reactants are converted to products
    • B. A reactor that achieves 100% conversion
    • C. A reactor that only produces desired products
    • D. A reactor that operates at very low temperatures

12. 48. What is a yield reactor?

    • A. A reactor designed to maximize the total product
    • B. A reactor designed to maximize a specific product
    • C. A reactor with no side reactions
    • D. A reactor operating at equilibrium