Genetics and Evolution – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 1. The theory of 'use and disuse' was given by:

   • A. Lamarck
   • B. Darwin
   • C. Mendel
   • D. De Vries

2. 2. Genetic recombination occurs due to:

   • A. Crossing over and independent assortment
   • B. Mutation and gene flow
   • C. Genetic drift and natural selection
   • D. Linkage and segregation

3. 3. Crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?

   • A. Prophase I
   • B. Metaphase I
   • C. Anaphase I
   • D. Telophase I

4. 4. Which of the following is an autosomal dominant disorder?

   • A. Myotonic dystrophy
   • B. Sickle cell anemia
   • C. Phenylketonuria
   • D. Hemophilia

5. 5. The phenomenon of 'industrial melanism' in peppered moths (Biston betularia) is an example of:

   • A. Natural selection
   • B. Genetic drift
   • C. Mutation
   • D. Gene flow

6. 6. Analogous organs are those that have:

   • A. Different origin and similar functions
   • B. Similar origin and different functions
   • C. Similar origin and similar functions
   • D. Different origin and different functions

7. 7. Homologous organs are those that have:

   • A. Similar origin and different functions
   • B. Different origin and similar functions
   • C. Similar origin and similar functions
   • D. Different origin and different functions

8. 8. Hardy-Weinberg principle describes:

   • A. Genetic drift
   • B. Allele frequencies in a stable population
   • C. Natural selection
   • D. Mutation rates

9. 9. The concept of 'survival of the fittest' was proposed by:

   • A. Charles Darwin
   • B. Gregor Mendel
   • C. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
   • D. Alfred Russel Wallace

10. 10. Which of the following is a sex-linked recessive disorder?

    • A. Hemophilia
    • B. Cystic fibrosis
    • C. Down's syndrome
    • D. Turner's syndrome

11. 11. In Mendelian dihybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio in F2 generation is:

    • A. 9:3:3:1
    • B. 3:1
    • C. 1:02:01
    • D. 1:1:1:1

12. 12. A test cross is performed to:

    • A. Determine the genotype of an F1 hybrid
    • B. Determine the phenotype of an F1 hybrid
    • C. Determine the dominant allele
    • D. Determine the recessive allele