Genetics and Evolution – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 25. The first human-like hominid was:

   • A. Homo habilis
   • B. Homo erectus
   • C. Australopithecus
   • D. Neanderthal man

2. 26. The genetic disorder 'Phenylketonuria' is due to the deficiency of enzyme:

   • A. Phenylalanine hydroxylase
   • B. Tyrosinase
   • C. Hexosaminidase A
   • D. Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase

3. 27. Miller's experiment demonstrated the formation of:

   • A. Amino acids
   • B. Sugars
   • C. Nucleotides
   • D. Fatty acids

4. 28. Which of the following is a correct sequence of evolutionary events?

   • A. Fish → Amphibians → Reptiles → Birds → Mammals
   • B. Fish → Reptiles → Amphibians → Birds → Mammals
   • C. Amphibians → Fish → Reptiles → Birds → Mammals
   • D. Reptiles → Fish → Amphibians → Birds → Mammals

5. 29. The concept of 'gene pool' refers to:

   • A. All the genes in a population
   • B. All the alleles in an individual
   • C. All the chromosomes in a cell
   • D. All the mutations in a species

6. 30. Genetic drift is a random change in:

   • A. Allele frequencies
   • B. Phenotype frequencies
   • C. Genotype frequencies
   • D. All of the above

7. 31. The theory of 'natural selection' states that:

   • A. Individuals best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
   • B. All individuals in a population have an equal chance of survival
   • C. Mutations are always beneficial
   • D. Evolution occurs through sudden changes

8. 32. The most conclusive evidence for organic evolution comes from:

   • A. Fossils
   • B. Embryology
   • C. Comparative anatomy
   • D. Molecular biology

9. 33. The absence of crossing over between two genes indicates:

   • A. They are linked and very close to each other
   • B. They are on different chromosomes
   • C. They are recessive
   • D. They are dominant

10. 34. The term 'mutation' was coined by:

    • A. Hugo de Vries
    • B. Gregor Mendel
    • C. Charles Darwin
    • D. Lamarck

11. 35. Human ABO blood groups are an example of:

    • A. Multiple allelism
    • B. Co-dominance
    • C. Incomplete dominance
    • D. Both A and B

12. 36. The evolutionary history of an organism is called:

    • A. Phylogeny
    • B. Ontogeny
    • C. Genetics
    • D. Taxonomy