Biotechnology and Its Applications – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 13. Which of the following is the first clinical gene therapy given to a 4-year old girl in 1990?

   • A. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency
   • B. Cystic fibrosis
   • C. Sickle cell anemia
   • D. Phenylketonuria

2. 14. Insulin used for treating diabetes is now produced by recombinant DNA technology using:

   • A. E. coli
   • B. Yeast
   • C. Mammalian cells
   • D. Plant cells

3. 15. The C-peptide of human insulin is:

   • A. Removed during maturation
   • B. Added during maturation
   • C. Responsible for insulin activity
   • D. A part of mature insulin

4. 16. Molecular diagnosis involves techniques like:

   • A. PCR
   • B. ELISA
   • C. Recombinant DNA technology
   • D. All of the above

5. 17. Transgenic animals are those in which:

   • A. Foreign DNA is introduced and expressed
   • B. Genes are mutated
   • C. Cells are cultured
   • D. Hybridization is performed

6. 18. Dolly, the sheep, was produced by:

   • A. Cloning
   • B. In vitro fertilization
   • C. Artificial insemination
   • D. Genetic engineering

7. 19. Biopatent refers to:

   • A. Patent granted for biological entities and products
   • B. Patent granted for chemical products
   • C. Patent granted for mechanical inventions
   • D. Patent granted for software

8. 20. Biopiracy is:

   • A. The illegal appropriation of biological resources or knowledge without compensation
   • B. Legal appropriation of resources
   • C. Ethical use of resources
   • D. Sustainable use of resources

9. 21. GEAC (Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee) is responsible for:

   • A. Approving GM research and products
   • B. Funding genetic research
   • C. Regulating agricultural practices
   • D. Issuing patents for GM products

10. 22. Cryoprotectants are used in cryopreservation to:

    • A. Prevent ice crystal formation
    • B. Increase metabolic rate
    • C. Enhance cell division
    • D. Promote cell differentiation

11. 23. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a cloning vector?

    • A. Origin of replication
    • B. Selectable marker
    • C. Restriction sites
    • D. Antigenicity

12. 24. What is the role of selectable marker in cloning?

    • A. To identify transformed cells
    • B. To cut DNA
    • C. To join DNA
    • D. To amplify DNA