Biotechnology and Its Applications – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. 25. Agarose gel electrophoresis is used for:

   • A. Separation of DNA fragments
   • B. Separation of proteins
   • C. Separation of lipids
   • D. Separation of carbohydrates

2. 26. The charge of DNA is:

   • A. Negative
   • B. Positive
   • C. Neutral
   • D. Variable

3. 27. Disarmed pathogen vectors are used in gene therapy to:

   • A. Deliver genes without causing disease
   • B. Cause a mild disease
   • C. Stimulate an immune response
   • D. Destroy diseased cells

4. 28. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is used for:

   • A. Amplification of DNA
   • B. Sequencing of DNA
   • C. Digestion of DNA
   • D. Ligation of DNA

5. 29. Bioreactors are vessels for:

   • A. Growing cells/microbes on a large scale
   • B. DNA sequencing
   • C. Gel electrophoresis
   • D. DNA fingerprinting

6. 30. Downstream processing' in biotechnology involves:

   • A. Separation and purification of products
   • B. Gene cloning
   • C. Gene expression
   • D. DNA replication

7. 31. What is the main advantage of producing human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?

   • A. It avoids allergic reactions
   • B. It is cheaper
   • C. It produces more pure insulin
   • D. All of the above

8. 32. Silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule is called:

   • A. RNA interference
   • B. Gene amplification
   • C. Gene mutation
   • D. Gene flow

9. 33. The technology used to detect HIV in AIDS patients is:

   • A. ELISA
   • B. PCR
   • C. Western Blotting
   • D. All of the above

10. 34. Transgenic animals are produced to study:

    • A. Disease models
    • B. Vaccine safety
    • C. Chemical toxicity testing
    • D. All of the above

11. 35. Gene therapy is a technique to:

    • A. Treat genetic disorders
    • B. Produce new varieties of plants
    • C. Enhance human intelligence
    • D. Control population growth

12. 36. Which of the following is NOT an application of biotechnology?

    • A. Production of transgenic crops
    • B. Development of vaccines
    • C. Synthesis of antibiotics
    • D. Traditional agriculture